Cardiac surgery in an octogenarian Indian population

Abstract

Background: With increase in the elderly population, octogenerians requiring cardiac surgery have also increased in India. Previous literature suggest that surgical intervention performed in selected patients with preserved physical and mental health can provide acceptable outcomes with good quality of life.

Aim: This study aims to analyze the immediate postoperative outcomes of cardiac surgery in octogenarians.

Result: The Octogenarians (n=21) who underwent cardiac surgery between January 1st, 2017 and July 31st, 2023, were included. The mean age was 81.76 ± 1.76. The incidence of left main coronary artery disease, carotid disease, peripheral vascular disease and history of recent acute coronary syndrome were 13 (65%), 5 (23.8%), 6 (28.6%) and 15 (71.4%), respectively.

Discussion: Mostly, patients underwent elective procedure (n=20, 95.23%) except one patient (4.76%) who underwent emergency Bentall procedure for acute type A dissection. The need for prolonged ventilation, intra-aortic balloon pump usage and pacemaker implantation were 4.76% (n=1), each. Incidence of acute kidney injury was 2 (9.52%), but none of the patients required dialysis. The mean postoperative ICU and hospital stay were 2 and 7 days, respectively. The expected (EuroSCORE II) versus observed in-hospital mortality was 6.25% versus 9.5% (O/E = 1.52). 

Conclusion: We conclude that cardiac surgery in Indian octogenerians is safe in selected patients.