An audit on pediatric cholesteatoma

Abstract

Cholesteatoma is a complex condition characterized by the abnormal presence of keratinizing squamous epithelium in the middle ear or mastoid, accompanied by subepithelial connective tissue and accumulating keratin debris. Despite its misleading name, cholesteatoma contains neither cholesterol crystals nor tumor tissue. This condition is particularly aggressive in children and, if left untreated, can lead to bone erosion and serious complications. The pathophysiology of bone resorption in cholesteatoma involves multiple mechanisms, including enzymatic-induced necrosis, cytokine-mediated bone remodeling, prostaglandin-induced changes, and potential bacterial involvement. This study aims to describe our methodology and outcomes in treating pediatric patients with cholesteatoma, addressing the unique challenges posed by the condition in this age group. By examining our approach and results, we hope to contribute to the development of more effective management strategies for pediatric cholesteatoma, ultimately improving patient outcomes and reducing the risk of complications.